Multiplication Fact Families: Times Tables Made Easy

Multiplication fact families link each multiplication fact to its partner and to two division facts. For 6, 7 and 42, the family is 6 × 7 = 42, 7 × 6 = 42, 42 ÷ 6 = 7 and 42 ÷ 7 = 6. Learn the family and you learn four facts at once.

What are multiplication fact families?

A multiplication fact family is a group of facts that use the same two factors and the same product. Because multiplication works in either order, 6 × 7 and 7 × 6 give the same product. Because division undoes multiplication, the product shared by 6 and 7 gives two division facts as well.

3 × 6 = 18
6 × 3 = 18
18 ÷ 3 = 6
18 ÷ 6 = 3

4 × 9 = 36
9 × 4 = 36
36 ÷ 4 = 9
36 ÷ 9 = 4

7 × 8 = 56
8 × 7 = 56
56 ÷ 7 = 8
56 ÷ 8 = 7

6 × 6 = 36
36 ÷ 6 = 6

How many multiplication fact families are there?

With factors from 1 to 12 there are 78 different multiplication fact families. Fewer than that must be learned from scratch, because each family covers two entries in the times table grid, one on each side of the diagonal. That is why learning the facts in families is faster than learning 144 separate facts.

The times table grid

Every product appears twice in the grid, once above the diagonal and once below it. Each pair of matching cells is one family.

×	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
1	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
2	2	4	6	8	10	12	14	16	18	20	22	24
3	3	6	9	12	15	18	21	24	27	30	33	36
4	4	8	12	16	20	24	28	32	36	40	44	48
5	5	10	15	20	25	30	35	40	45	50	55	60
6	6	12	18	24	30	36	42	48	54	60	66	72
7	7	14	21	28	35	42	49	56	63	70	77	84
8	8	16	24	32	40	48	56	64	72	80	88	96
9	9	18	27	36	45	54	63	72	81	90	99	108
10	10	20	30	40	50	60	70	80	90	100	110	120
11	11	22	33	44	55	66	77	88	99	110	121	132
12	12	24	36	48	60	72	84	96	108	120	132	144

Fact families for each times table

Fact families of 2Every family for the 2 times table.Open Fact families of 3Every family for the 3 times table.Open Fact families of 4Every family for the 4 times table.Open Fact families of 5Every family for the 5 times table.Open Fact families of 6Every family for the 6 times table.Open Fact families of 7Every family for the 7 times table.Open

Looking for the 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12 times tables? Use the full index of fact families by number.

Check your answer with a fact family

If you are not sure that 7 × 8 is 56, check with division. 56 ÷ 7 should be 8. If it is, you have the right family. This habit catches slips and builds confidence.

Practice

Multiplication fact family practice

Operations Number range Worksheet style Problems

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Frequently asked questions

What is a multiplication fact family?

It is a set of two multiplication facts and two division facts that use the same three numbers, for example 3 × 5 = 15, 5 × 3 = 15, 15 ÷ 3 = 5 and 15 ÷ 5 = 3.

What is the multiplication fact family for 8, 9 and 72?

8 × 9 = 72, 9 × 8 = 72, 72 ÷ 8 = 9 and 72 ÷ 9 = 8.

Do square numbers have four facts?

No. 5 × 5 = 25 and 25 ÷ 5 = 5 are the only two facts, because both factors are the same.

×	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
1	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
2	2	4	6	8	10	12	14	16	18	20	22	24
3	3	6	9	12	15	18	21	24	27	30	33	36
4	4	8	12	16	20	24	28	32	36	40	44	48
5	5	10	15	20	25	30	35	40	45	50	55	60
6	6	12	18	24	30	36	42	48	54	60	66	72
7	7	14	21	28	35	42	49	56	63	70	77	84
8	8	16	24	32	40	48	56	64	72	80	88	96
9	9	18	27	36	45	54	63	72	81	90	99	108
10	10	20	30	40	50	60	70	80	90	100	110	120
11	11	22	33	44	55	66	77	88	99	110	121	132
12	12	24	36	48	60	72	84	96	108	120	132	144

×	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
1	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
2	2	4	6	8	10	12	14	16	18	20	22	24
3	3	6	9	12	15	18	21	24	27	30	33	36
4	4	8	12	16	20	24	28	32	36	40	44	48
5	5	10	15	20	25	30	35	40	45	50	55	60
6	6	12	18	24	30	36	42	48	54	60	66	72
7	7	14	21	28	35	42	49	56	63	70	77	84
8	8	16	24	32	40	48	56	64	72	80	88	96
9	9	18	27	36	45	54	63	72	81	90	99	108
10	10	20	30	40	50	60	70	80	90	100	110	120
11	11	22	33	44	55	66	77	88	99	110	121	132
12	12	24	36	48	60	72	84	96	108	120	132	144